Session 6 - Victimization and crime prevention in rural areas around the world
From Vania Ceccato
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Chair: Dr. Alistair Harkness, University of New England, Australia
Governance, resilience and reducing victimisation against Australian farmers
Speakers: Alistair Harkness, University of New England, Australia
Kyle Mulrooney, University of New England, Australia
Emails: Alistair.Harkness@une.edu.au, kmulroon@une.edu.au
The true extent to which farms are victimised is difficult to measure. Not all victimisation against farms are recorded in official crime statistics, meaning that policy and decision makers cannot obtain an accurate understanding of the true extent of rural offending rates and patterns. It also creates difficulty for policing organisations in determining where best to direct their crime prevention efforts and messaging. Considering acquisitive crime from farms and recognising that ‘prevention is better than cure’, this presentation assesses an array of technological situational crime prevention measures for farmers, farm communities and those responsible for policing rural communities. It draws upon survey responses from farmers in the Australian states of Victoria and New South Wales, assessing attitudes to policing and crime prevention and reflecting on necessary improvements to governance, innovative ways to enhance resilience, and strategies to reduce and prevent victimisation.
Urban-rural divide in the use of household safety devices for crime prevention in Brazil
Speaker: Marcelo Justus, University of Campinas, Brazil, Co-authors: James Aransiola, University of Campinas, Brazil,Vania Ceccato, KTH, Sweden
Email: mjustus@unicamp.br
The paper investigates the differences in the usage of traditional (locks, gates, dogs, etc.) and modern (CCTV, alarms, electric fences) devices in Urban, Peri-urban, Remote Rural, and Accessible Rural areas. The 2009 Brazilian National Household Survey and its special supplement on victimization were used to perform descriptive and chi-square analysis ( . Apart from confirming the dominant usage of traditional measures for crime prevention, the results show that the usage of safety devices in urban areas is above twice that of rural areas. This urban-rural divide is significantly amplified (about six times) for the use of modern safety devices for household protection.
Crime prevention behavior and property crime victimization in urban/rural area in Japan
Speaker: Takahito Shimada, National Research Institute of Police Science, Japan
Email: takajinsh@gmail.com
In July 2019, Japanese police launched the national-wide crime open-data initiative, which released over 280000 crime records of 7 property crime types, including automobile, motorcycle, vehicle thefts, and theft from automobiles, reported to police in previous year. The data also include victims' use of lock when the properties were stolen. In this presentation, the presenter reports the relationship between urbanization and the victims' use of lock. The presenter also introduces another national-wide social survey data to discuss the difference between urban/rural residents in terms of risk perception, crime prevention behavior, routine-activities and lifestyle (RALS), and victimization.
The power of community in crime prevention
Speaker: Willie Clack, University of South Africa, South Africa
Email: WClack@unisa.ac.za
The extent of livestock theft, the power of collaborating communities in crime prevention and apprehension of offenders in South Africa are addressed. Livestock theft is a multi-million-dollar crime affecting livestock producers with the current COVID-19 pandemic enhancing the dilemma. Before the inception of community policing in the 1990s in South Africa, agricultural unions and the South African Police Service (SAPS) realised that the power to address the livestock theft phenomenon as a rural crime is vested within livestock theft prevention community forums. During 1995 Livestock Theft Preventions Forums was established and comprise of all role-players in the red meat value chain and the criminal justice system. The forums are operational on all levels of society and use amongst other social media as a crime prevention strategy. The forums are unique as they only address livestock theft and no other crimes committed in rural areas.
Governance, resilience and reducing victimisation against Australian farmers
Speakers: Alistair Harkness, University of New England, Australia
Kyle Mulrooney, University of New England, Australia
Emails: Alistair.Harkness@une.edu.au, kmulroon@une.edu.au
The true extent to which farms are victimised is difficult to measure. Not all victimisation against farms are recorded in official crime statistics, meaning that policy and decision makers cannot obtain an accurate understanding of the true extent of rural offending rates and patterns. It also creates difficulty for policing organisations in determining where best to direct their crime prevention efforts and messaging. Considering acquisitive crime from farms and recognising that ‘prevention is better than cure’, this presentation assesses an array of technological situational crime prevention measures for farmers, farm communities and those responsible for policing rural communities. It draws upon survey responses from farmers in the Australian states of Victoria and New South Wales, assessing attitudes to policing and crime prevention and reflecting on necessary improvements to governance, innovative ways to enhance resilience, and strategies to reduce and prevent victimisation.
Urban-rural divide in the use of household safety devices for crime prevention in Brazil
Speaker: Marcelo Justus, University of Campinas, Brazil, Co-authors: James Aransiola, University of Campinas, Brazil,Vania Ceccato, KTH, Sweden
Email: mjustus@unicamp.br
The paper investigates the differences in the usage of traditional (locks, gates, dogs, etc.) and modern (CCTV, alarms, electric fences) devices in Urban, Peri-urban, Remote Rural, and Accessible Rural areas. The 2009 Brazilian National Household Survey and its special supplement on victimization were used to perform descriptive and chi-square analysis ( . Apart from confirming the dominant usage of traditional measures for crime prevention, the results show that the usage of safety devices in urban areas is above twice that of rural areas. This urban-rural divide is significantly amplified (about six times) for the use of modern safety devices for household protection.
Crime prevention behavior and property crime victimization in urban/rural area in Japan
Speaker: Takahito Shimada, National Research Institute of Police Science, Japan
Email: takajinsh@gmail.com
In July 2019, Japanese police launched the national-wide crime open-data initiative, which released over 280000 crime records of 7 property crime types, including automobile, motorcycle, vehicle thefts, and theft from automobiles, reported to police in previous year. The data also include victims' use of lock when the properties were stolen. In this presentation, the presenter reports the relationship between urbanization and the victims' use of lock. The presenter also introduces another national-wide social survey data to discuss the difference between urban/rural residents in terms of risk perception, crime prevention behavior, routine-activities and lifestyle (RALS), and victimization.
The power of community in crime prevention
Speaker: Willie Clack, University of South Africa, South Africa
Email: WClack@unisa.ac.za
The extent of livestock theft, the power of collaborating communities in crime prevention and apprehension of offenders in South Africa are addressed. Livestock theft is a multi-million-dollar crime affecting livestock producers with the current COVID-19 pandemic enhancing the dilemma. Before the inception of community policing in the 1990s in South Africa, agricultural unions and the South African Police Service (SAPS) realised that the power to address the livestock theft phenomenon as a rural crime is vested within livestock theft prevention community forums. During 1995 Livestock Theft Preventions Forums was established and comprise of all role-players in the red meat value chain and the criminal justice system. The forums are operational on all levels of society and use amongst other social media as a crime prevention strategy. The forums are unique as they only address livestock theft and no other crimes committed in rural areas.
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